Manologue #13

In this Manologue episode, I share the difference between cognitive biases and logical fallacies and how logical fallacies are direct threat to American ideals and truth itself.

As mentioned, I am including a partial list of both …

Here are some of the top cognitive biases:

1. Confirmation Bias: The tendency to search for, interpret, and remember information in a way that confirms one's preconceptions.

2. Anchoring Bias: The tendency to rely too heavily on the first piece of information encountered (the "anchor") when making decisions.

3. Availability Heuristic: The tendency to overestimate the importance of information that is readily available or recent.

4. Hindsight Bias: The tendency to see events as having been predictable after they have already occurred.

5. Self-Serving Bias: The tendency to attribute positive outcomes to one's own abilities and efforts, and negative outcomes to external factors.

6. Fundamental Attribution Error: The tendency to attribute others' actions to their character while attributing one's own actions to external circumstances.

7. Ingroup Bias: The tendency to favor members of one's own group over those in other groups.

8. Sunk Cost Fallacy: The tendency to continue investing in a decision based on the cumulative prior investment (time, money, resources) rather than future benefits.

9. Bandwagon Effect: The tendency to adopt beliefs or behaviors because others are doing so.

10. Overconfidence Bias: The tendency to overestimate one's own abilities, knowledge, or predictions.

A list of the top 10 logical fallacies:

1. Ad Hominem: Attacking the person making the argument rather than the argument itself.

2. Straw Man: Misrepresenting or oversimplifying someone's argument to make it easier to attack.

3. Appeal to Ignorance (Argumentum ad Ignorantiam): Arguing that a proposition is true because it has not been proven false, or vice versa.

4. False Dilemma (False Dichotomy): Presenting two options as the only possible choices, when in fact there are other alternatives.

5. Slippery Slope: Arguing that a small first step will inevitably lead to a chain of related (negative) events.

6. Circular Reasoning (Begging the Question): The conclusion of an argument is assumed in the premise.

7. Hasty Generalization: Making a broad generalization based on a small or unrepresentative sample.

8. Red Herring: Introducing an irrelevant point into an argument to distract from the original issue.

9. Appeal to Authority (Argumentum ad Verecundiam): Believing a claim is true simply because an authority figure endorses it.

10. Appeal to Popularity (Argumentum ad Populum): Arguing that a proposition is true because many or most people believe it.